An extended version of hopelessness scale (EMS) was developed to assess the tendency in interpersonal and achievement domains. In Study 1, with 594 respondents, EHS showed high internal consistency. A confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine factorial validity of EHS, and results confirmed that the factor structure of EHS, was appropriate to assess hopelessness in two domains. In addition, the correlations between EHS, and two personality variables, depression and self-esteem, indicated further validity for the scale. In Study 2, with 204 respondents, EHS, showed high test-retest reliability. The correlations between EHS, and two other variables, achievement orientation and social desirability, again indicated high validity of EHS, The two studies showed high discriminant and convergent validity, as well as high reliability of the new extended scale.
Key words: hopelessness, interpersonal and achievement domains, depression, reliability, validity